今天分析的文章来自skepticalscience.com网站,话题属于考研阅读四大类中的“科普类”。考研历史上2005年英语一Text2也出现过一样的话题Global Warming。最近几年阅读材料的选取不仅仅从常考的外文报刊中选取,也开始转向名气稍小的刊物,包括一些网站,2017考研Text 4 选材便来自于The Christian Science Monitor,大家可对这些网站多加关注。本篇以图表数据向读者展示,全球变暖进程正在加快。通过本篇的分析,希望同学们不仅能对这类话题有进一步了解,还可以掌握阅读篇章精析的方法。
文章分析:北外网课考研英语教研组
New study: global warming keeps on keeping on
As humans continue to dump heat-trapping
gases like carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, the Earth continues to warm. In fact, it has been warming for decades and we now routinely hit temperatures that are 1℃ (about 2℉) above the temperatures from 100 years ago.
But despite what we may expect, temperatures across the globe don't rise little by little each year in a straight line. Rather, temperature changes are a bit bumpy. They go up and they go down somewhat randomly as they increase. Think of a wiggly line superimposed on a straight rising line.
A great depiction of the behavior is seen from the NASA data, shown below. Each black mark is the Earth's temperature for a given year. The red line is calculated from 5-year averages of the black data marks and is much smoother than the black line. As you move from left to right, you pass from the year 1880 to the most recent year (2016), which is shown in the very upper right corner.
Careful observation of the graph shows that the last three years (2014, 2015, and 2016) were all record-breakers. It makes you wonder, what the chances are that global warming has sped up?
【背景知识】
NASA:美国国家航空航天局 (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) 是美国联邦政府的一个行政机构,负责制定、实施美国的民用太空计划、与开展航空科学暨太空科学的研究。
【词汇】
大纲词汇:
1. dump v. 倾倒,倾卸
2. routinely adv. 例行公事地;常规地
3. expect v. 预期;预料
4. bumpy adj. 颠簸的;崎岖不平的
5. randomly adv. 随机地
6. wiggly adj. 左右摇摆的;起波的
7. depiction n. 描写,叙述
8. calculate v. 计算,推算
9. smooth adj. 顺利的;平稳的
超纲词汇:
1. heat-trapping adj. 吸热的
2. superimpose v. 使重叠,使叠加
【翻译】
新研究:全球变暖持续进行
由于人们持续把二氧化碳等吸热气体排放到大气中,地球不断地在变暖。实际上,全球变暖已有数十载,地球现在的温度比100年前高1℃(将近 2℉)。
但不管我们怎样预测,全球温度并不是沿着直线每年一点点的增长。更确切地说,温度的变化是上下起伏的。在上升过程中,温度随机上下浮动。就像一个上升的直线上附加了一条起伏的曲线。
下面展示的(关于温度变化的)描画中数据来自NASA。每个黑点是特定年份的地球温度。红线是由从黑点数据每5年的平均值计算得来,相对于黑线,红线更加平滑。当你从左向右看时,你可以看到1880年到最近一年(的温度状况),也就是右上角处的2016年。
仔细观察一下图表,你会发现最近三年(2014, 2015, 2016年)均打破了以往记录。这不禁使人猜想,全球变暖的进程是不是加快了呢?
【长难句解析】
As you move from left to right, you pass from the year 1880 to the most recent year (2016), which is shown in the very upper right corner.
解析:as引导状语从句,强调主句与从句中的动作同时发生,which引导非限制性定语从句,代指上文提到的the most recent year (2016)。
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